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2024
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Working principle of CNC turning and polishing composite machine tool
In modern manufacturing, CNC turning and polishing composite machine tools are widely used as high-efficiency, high-precision processing equipment in various metal material processing fields. They integrate turning and polishing functions, achieving one-time completion from rough machining to finishing, greatly improving production efficiency and processing quality. Below, we will analyze the working principle of CNC turning and polishing composite machine tools in detail.
1. Basic Structure
The CNC turning and polishing composite machine tool mainly consists of the machine body, CNC system, turning device, polishing device, and other parts. Among them, the machine body is the supporting structure of the entire machine, the CNC system is the core part controlling the machine operation, and the turning and polishing devices are the actuators that realize the turning and polishing functions.
2. Working Principle
1. Turning principle: The turning device of the CNC turning and polishing composite machine tool is similar to a traditional lathe, cutting the rotating workpiece with a cutting tool. Under the control of the CNC system, the cutting tool can perform various complex motion trajectories to complete the processing of workpieces with different shapes.
2. Polishing principle: After the workpiece completes turning, it enters the polishing stage. The polishing device uses a high-speed rotating polishing wheel to contact the workpiece surface. Through the friction between the abrasive on the polishing wheel and the workpiece, the rough parts on the surface are removed to achieve a smooth surface.
3. CNC system control: The CNC system is the "brain" of the CNC turning and polishing composite machine tool. It controls the operation of each part of the machine by receiving programming instructions. During processing, the CNC system controls the operation of the cutting tool and polishing wheel according to the programming instructions to achieve precise turning and polishing.
4. Composite processing: The biggest feature of the CNC turning and polishing composite machine tool is its ability to perform composite processing of turning and polishing. During processing, the turning and polishing devices can work alternately or simultaneously, enabling fast and high-precision processing of the workpiece.
3. Workflow
1. Programming: First, program according to the workpiece requirements to determine the processing trajectory, cutting parameters, and polishing parameters.
2. Loading the workpiece: Install the workpiece to be processed on the machine's clamping device.
3. Start the CNC system: Start the CNC system by inputting programming instructions or calling stored processing programs.
4. Processing: The CNC system controls the cutting tool and polishing wheel to work, completing the turning and polishing of the workpiece.
5. Inspection and adjustment: During or after processing, inspect the workpiece and make adjustments or reprocessing if necessary.
6. Unloading: Remove the finished workpiece from the machine for subsequent processing.
4. Advantages and Applications
The CNC turning and polishing composite machine tool integrates turning and polishing, featuring high processing efficiency, high precision, time-saving, and cost reduction. It is widely used in metal parts processing in industries such as automotive, aerospace, hardware, and mold manufacturing.
Summary: The CNC turning and polishing composite machine tool achieves efficient and high-precision processing of metal parts by integrating turning and polishing functions. Its working principles mainly include turning, polishing, CNC system control, and composite processing, and it is widely applied in various metal parts processing fields.
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